Аммоний-дигидрофосфат

Description

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (monoammonium phosphate, MAP) is a monobasic ammonium salt of orthophosphoric acid, CAS 7722-76-1, gross formula H3N.H3O4P (NH4H2PO4). A colorless, transparent tetragonal crystal that crystallizes in the shape of square prisms.

Basic Attributes

• CAS No.: 7722-76-1
• Chemical formula: H3N.H3O4P
• Molecular weight: 115.02600; exact weight: 115.00300
• EU number: 231-764-5
• SNB number: 57633
• DSSTox ID: DTXSID6050122
• HS code: 3105400000
• PSA: 90.81000
• XLogP3: -0.1 (value is terminated at source)

Physico-chemical characteristics

• Solubility: soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in acetone
• Commercial Form: Liquid (along with crystalline product)

Method of obtaining

Prepared by adding a solution of phosphoric acid to ammonia until the reaction is clearly acidic; the product crystallizes in the form of square tetragonal prisms. The commercial product is produced both in crystalline form and in the form of a concentrated liquid solution for drip and subsoil fertilization systems.

Chemical nature

Monoammonium phosphate is an acidic salt; when dissolved in water, it gives a slightly acidic reaction, unlike diammonium phosphate, which gives a weakly alkaline solution. This difference determines the choice of a specific salt in fertilizer mixtures: monoammonium phosphate is preferable for alkaline and neutral soils, where additional acidification of the root zone is useful for the absorption of phosphorus by plants.

Scope of application

Monoammonium phosphate is one of the most common components of dry agricultural fertilizer mixtures: it provides the soil with nitrogen and phosphorus in a form easily accessible to plants, and is especially effective when applied initially to rows during sowing. It is also used as the main component of ABC class powder fire extinguishers (the chemical formula allows it to melt when heated to about 150–180 °C, forming a glassy protective film that isolates the combustion source from oxygen and prevents re-ignition), in the food industry - as an acidity regulator and nutritional additive for yeast fermentation in the production of bread and drinks, as well as in laboratory practice as a component of buffer solutions and nutrient media for microbiological crops

Synonyms

In sources it is also found as monobasic ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, acid ammonium phosphate, ADP, ABC (by the trade name of the fire extinguishing powder) - designations of the same compound in various technical documentation.

What is not transferred from the dump

The dump fragment contains a machine export artifact “in_x000D quantity_” - a technical trace of a line transfer from the Excel/XML format that does not carry semantic information and is not transferred to the description. The XLogP3 value in the source ends at “-0.1” without continuing the numbers - given as is, without speculation.